Discrimination and Harassment Law and Practice

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Section 1557 of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) prohibits any health program or activity that receives federal funding (currently limited to federal funding from the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS)) from discriminating against an individual on the basis of race, color, national origin, sex, age or disability.  Notably, HHS has described Section 1557 as the first civil rights law banning discrimination on the basis of sex in the provision of healthcare services, which includes discrimination based on gender identity, gender expression and transgender status.

While Section 1557 has technically been in effect since the passage of the ACA in 2010, HHS’ Office of Civil Rights (OCR) released final regulations in May of this year, finalizing some key compliance requirements.  Many of the new procedural requirements introduced by the final regulations went into effect on July 18, 2016.  However, perhaps the most significant requirement – the requirement to provide and post nondiscrimination notices – becomes effective on October 16, 2016 (a Sunday).1Continue Reading ACA Section 1557 – October Nondiscrimination Notices Loom Near

Under new federal regulations, issued in May 2016 with an initial compliance deadline of July 16, 2016, it is now illegal for any healthcare provider that receives federal funding from HHS to discriminate on the basis of sex, race, color, national origin, age and disability.  While many healthcare providers already have in place general nondiscrimination policies, it is important to point out that:  (1) Section 1557 is the first federal civil rights law to broadly prohibit healthcare providers (e.g., certain physician practices, hospitals and health insurers) from discriminating on the basis of gender, gender identity, pregnancy and sex stereotyping; and (2) it will require covered providers to comply with a whole host of new requirements, including appointing a Section 1557 compliance coordinator, adopting a grievance procedure and providing notices.  Notices must be in place by mid-October in order to be in full compliance.  Section 1557 also will require the entities take reasonable steps to provide meaningful access to healthcare services to individuals with limited English proficiency and to individuals with disabilities.
Continue Reading Impact of ACA Section 1557 on Administration of Healthcare Services

Bass, Berry & Sims attorney Bob Horton provided insight to Law360 on the Supreme Court’s ruling in Green v. Brennan allowing the constructive discharge claim period to begin when an employee resigns, not when the employer commits the last allegedly discriminatory act. As Bob points out in the article,
Continue Reading Attorneys React To High Court’s Constructive Discharge Ruling

After a lengthy period of public comment and several revisions, California’s Fair Employment and Housing Council finally adopted amendments to the California Fair Employment and Housing Act (FEHA) regulations.  The amendments, which went into effect on April 1, 2016, generally reinforce existing law but also impose several new and detailed requirements for employers.

Requirements for harassment, discrimination and retaliation policy:

As of April 1, every California employer must have a harassment, discrimination, and retaliation policy that:

  1. Is in writing;
  2. Lists all current protected categories under the California FEHA (race, religious creed, color, national origin, ancestry, physical disability, mental disability, medical condition, genetic information, marital status, sex, gender, gender identity, gender expression, age for individuals over 40, military and veteran status, and sexual orientation);
  3. Specifies that employees are protected from illegal conduct from any workplace source, including third parties who are in the workplace;
  4. Creates a confidential complaint process that ensures a timely response, impartial investigation by qualified personnel, documentation and tracking, appropriate remedial actions and resolutions, and timely closure;
  5. Informs employees about several different avenues (other than to a direct supervisor) for reporting a complaint and allows employees to have direct communication with a designated company representative, such as a human resources manager or other reliable company personnel;
  6. Requires supervisors to report any complaints of misconduct to a designated company representative; and
  7. Makes clear that employees will not be exposed to retaliation as a result of making a complaint or participating in any workplace investigation.

Continue Reading New Amendments to California Fair Employment and Housing Act Now Effective

Employers often must balance the mandates of seemingly competing directives. A challenging example arises in the area of possible mental impairment.  An employer may hear concerns that an employee is acting abnormally, or has hinted at a desire to hurt herself, or is exhibiting other possible signs of mental impairment.  The employer does not wish to stereotype the employee unfairly, or unlawfully “regard” the employee as disabled; yet, the employer also must ensure a safe work environment for other employees and others on the premises.
Continue Reading Mental Impairments: When Can an Employer Require a Fitness-for-Duty Exam?

The EEOC recently announced two new lawsuits it has filed alleging that employers have violated Title VII’s protections against gender bias to include prohibitions against sexual orientation bias. The lawsuits are not very surprising in light of the EEOC’s position last July, in Baldwin v. Department of Transportation. There, in a case involving a federal employee, the EEOC took the position that discrimination against a person based on sexual orientation is, by its nature, discrimination on the basis of sex.
Continue Reading EEOC Alleges in Two Lawsuits That Title VII Prohibitions Extend to Sexual Orientation Bias

Case analysis from Bass, Berry & Sims attorney Tim Garrett was included in an article outlining the impact of the Sixth Circuit’s Ault v. Oberlin College decision. In this case, the Court ruled that a one-time harassment event can be the basis for a hostile work environment. According to Tim’s analysis, “employers should prudently investigate…

Bass, Berry & Sims attorney Tim Garrett authored an article detailing how employers can navigate the changing cultural landscape in a way that balances the differing needs and rights of various “constituencies.” As Tim points out, while the “workforce continues to grow and diversify , it would appear that the workplace has become the frontline…

Wise employers know that a single severe act can be enough to satisfy the standard of “severe or pervasive” and be sexual harassment.  But how severe does the act have to be?

A recent 6th Circuit ruling gives some assistance.  In Ault v. Oberlin College, the Court discussed why a single physical incident was sufficiently severe.  The ruling is likewise informative because it also discusses why several infrequent but boorish comments were not sufficiently severe or pervasive.
Continue Reading Single Severe Act Can Be Sexual Harassment – But How “Severe”?

From the Bass, Berry & Sims Blog Network
From the Bass, Berry & Sims Blog Network

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